Area and volume on the SAT Math test covers perimeter and side length of squares, volume of a cylinder, and volume of similar solids.
A student has to convert a perimeter difference into a side-length difference, write volume in terms of height, and scale volume by the cube of a linear factor. Items are short word problems with numeric or algebraic choices. Common traps are treating a 24-inch perimeter gap as the same side-length gap, mixing a radius of 7 centimeters with diameter, and multiplying 27 cubic units by 2 instead of by the cube of 2 when every linear dimension of statue B is twice that of statue A.
Sample questions
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Question 1Easier
Square M has a perimeter that is 24 inches greater than the perimeter of square N. By how many inches is the side length of square M greater than the side length of square N?
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Answer: A — 6
Perimeter difference divided by 4 gives the side-length difference: 24÷4=6.
Question 2Easier
A cylindrical vase has a radius of 7 centimeters and a height of h centimeters. Which expression represents the volume, in cubic centimeters, of the vase in terms of h?
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Answer: D — 49hπ
Volume is πr2h=π(7)2h=49hπ.
Question 3Easier
Statue A and statue B are similar solids. Each linear dimension of statue B is 2 times the corresponding dimension of statue A. The volume of statue A is 27 cubic units. What is the volume, in cubic units, of statue B?
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Answer: C — 216
Scaling linear dimensions by 2 scales volume by 23=8, so the volume of B is 27×8=216.
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